By Ingvild Bode and Anna Nadibaidze

October 2026

In their article published as part of the Australian Army Research Centre’s collected series on Safety, Legal, and Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain, Ingvild Bode and Anna Nadibaidze explore practical pathways towards ensuring human control and judgement across the military AI lifecycle.

Drawing on Australia’s commitment to safeguarding the human role in the use of force, they examine how human control and judgement can be operationalised in practice. The article builds upon best practices identified through the ERC-funded AutoPractices project, which co-created a toolkit to strengthen the exercise of human control and judgement across the lifecycle of military AI systems.